new 254 is normally dark - due to polymer antioxidant system
In the old sample, hydrolysis of the ester basestock would produce a high TAN. Hydrolysis can occur simply sitting at room temperature if can left open or oil stored in plastic bottle. Thermal degradation of oil - would have to be in use - occurs when oil sees hot spot in engine- causes oil to have a very pungent odor and produces strong acids from degradation of the TCP antiwear additive.
When doing TAN of 254 or other 23699 oils have to be careful not to react ester basestock while doing titration - gives artificially high TAN and TAN results increase the slower the titration is done